Assays & Kits

Protein Mixed Lineage Leukemia-1 (MLL1, also known as KMT2A) belongs to the SET1/MLL family which consists of six (MLL1-4/KMT2A-2D, SET1A/KMT2F, and SET1B/KMT2G) major methyltransferases in mammals. MLL1 is a histone-H3 lysine-4 (H3K4) methyltransferase that promotes H3K4 mono-/di-/tri-methylation, a conserved trait of euchromatin associated with transcriptional activation. MLL1 is a master regulator for the transcription of many important genes including homeobox (Hox), which has been implicated in hematopoiesis and embryonic development. MLL1 forms a complex with RbBP5 (retinoblastoma-binding protein 5), ASH2L (Absent, small, homeotic disks-2-like), WDR5 (WD40 repeat-containing protein 5), and DPY30 (DumPY protein 30) to catalyze tri-methylation of H3K4. WDR5 represents a therapeutically exploitable target for cancer treatment as it plays a crucial role in MLL1 complex assembly and disassembly. WDR5 has two protein interaction sites: the WDR5-interacting (WIN) binding site and the WD

The Mixed Lineage Leukemia-4 (MLL4, also known as KMT2B) protein belongs to the SET1/MLL family which consists of six (MLL1-4/KMT2A-2D, SET1A/KMT2F, and SET1B/KMT2G) major methyltransferases in mammals. MLL4 is a histone-H3 lysine-4 (H3K4) methyltransferase that promotes H3K4 mono-/di-/tri-methylation, a conserved trait of euchromatin associated with transcriptional activation. MLL4 is a critical player in memory formation. MLL4 forms a complex with RbBP5 (retinoblastoma-binding protein 5), ASH2L (Absent, small, homeotic disks-2-like), WDR5 (WD40 repeat-containing protein 5), and DPY30 (DumPY protein 30) to catalyze methylation of H3K4. WDR5 represents a therapeutically exploitable target for cancer treatment as it plays a crucial role in MLL1 complex assembly and disassembly. WDR5 has two protein interaction sites: the WDR5-interacting (WIN) binding site and the WDR5-binding-motif (WBM) site. MLL1-4 forms the complex via WIN binding site, while RbBP5 is bound to WBM site, which is als

EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor), also known as ERBB-1 and HER1, is the cell-surface tyrosine kinase receptor for members of the epidermal growth factor family. Its ligands include EGF, TGFα (transforming growth factor alpha), HB-EGF (heparin-binding EGF), betacellulin, amphiregulin, epiregulin and epigen. EGFR exists as an inactive monomer until it gets activated. Upon ligand binding it forms an asymmetric dimer, for instance with HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2), which induces autophosphorylation, creating binding sites for adaptor proteins such as GRB2 (growth factor receptor-bound protein 2) and/or CBL (Casitas B-lineage lymphoma). EGFR can bind to several adaptor proteins simultaneously and thus activate multiple positive and negative signaling pathways. Overexpression and/or hyperactivation of EGFR kinase is associated with several human cancers such as lung, glioblastoma (GBM), and epithelial tumors of the neck and head, being the most common mutation in GB

TSLP (thymic stromal lymphopoietin) is a protein that functions as a type I cytokine, as an alarmin and growth factor in the immune system. It is involved in type 2 immune responses, T_H2 (T helper 2 cells) responses, and the maturation and recruitment of dendritic cells (DCs), T cells, B cells, neutrophils, mast cells, and other lymphoid cells.  It can be produced by epithelial and stromal cells in lung, skin, and gastric system, but also by DCs, basophils and mast cells. Its expression can be induced by infections, pro-inflammatory cytokines, proteases, and even mechanical injury. For instance, it can be produced in the lungs in response to infection with influenza or rhinovirus. Its role as alarmin can result in increasing inflammation. TSLP is linked to allergic reactions such as asthma, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies, by inducing the expression of OX40L, CD80 and CD86 and stimulating CD4⁺T cells. In 2021, the TLSP-neutralizing antibody tezepelumab was

The BLM helicase, also known as Bloom syndrome protein, is a key enzyme involved in DNA replication and repair (DDR). The BLM helicase is a member of the RecQ family of helicases, which are evolutionarily conserved and found in many organisms, including bacteria, yeast, and humans. It catalyzes the unwinding of duplex DNA with 3' to 5' directionality, driven by the energy generated from ATP hydrolysis. BLM plays a crucial role in maintaining genomic stability by unwinding DNA structures during processes such as DNA replication, recombination, and repair. Mutations in the BLM gene can lead to Bloom syndrome, a rare genetic disorder characterized by growth deficiency, sun-sensitive skin lesions, and an increased risk of cancer. High expression of BLM is found in glioblastoma, and it was found that inhibition of its activity leads to increased susceptibility to treatment with drugs targeting other proteins involved in DDR, such as PARP1 (poly-ADP ribosylation protein 1). The use of BLM in

"The CUTANA™ Quick Cleanup DNA Purification Kit can be used to purify CUT&RUN or CUT&Tag DNA and remove unwanted adapter-/primer-dimers from these reactions. Unlike many kits that purify DNA using spin columns, this kit uses SPRI paramagnetic beads for streamlined, higher throughput workflows easily integrated into CUTANA™ genomic mapping assays. Depending on the application, various SPRI bead:DNA ratios are added to capture target DNA. In CUT&RUN, pAG-MNase cleaves DNA proximal to antibody-labeled chromatin, releasing it into the supernatant. It is imperative to recover the highest DNA yield possible from the supernatant; therefore, a higher bead:DNA ratio is added to span a wide range of DNA fragment lengths. This kit includes sufficient volume to perform 48 total CUT&RUN reactions at an empirically optimized higher bead ratio. In CUT&Tag, pAG-Tn5 cleaves antibody-bound chromatin and simultaneously ligates adapter DNA, resulting in longer DNA fragments. Further, in the EpiCypher C

Cytoplasmic isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDHc, EC 1.1.1.42) is widely distributed in animals, plants, microorganisms, and cultured cells. It catalyzes the decarboxylation and dehydrogenation of isocitrate to produce α-ketoglutarate, while simultaneously reducing NADP+ to NADPH. ICDHc serves as another significant source of NADPH in the cytoplasm, apart from the pentose phosphate pathway, and its activity often undergoes notable changes under stress conditions. CheKine™ Micro Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Cytoplasmic (ICDHc) Activity Assay Kit is capable of detecting cytosolic isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDHc) activity in animal and plant tissues, cells, or bacteria, as well as in serum (plasma). The principle behind this involves utilizing ICDHc's catalytic action in reducing NADP+ to NADPH, with the subsequent increase in NADPH concentration being measured at a wavelength of 340 nm.

β-glucuronidase (β-GD), a matrix degradation enzyme involved in tumor invasion and metastasis, is widely found in animal tissues. It has physiological functions such as hydrolyzing sterol glucuronic acid and acidic mucopolysaccharide. The content of this enzyme is high in hepatocytes. In addition, it is rich in gastric cancer, so the determination of β-GD activity in gastric juice is of great significance for the study of gastric cancer. CheKine™ Micro β-glucuronidase (β-GD) Activity Assay Kit can detect animal tissues. In this kit, β-GD catalyzed phenol β-D-glucuronic acid to produce free phenolphthalein, and the enzyme activity was determined by determining the content of phenol.

Fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP) is an important intermediate product in the glycolysis process. It can regulate a variety of enzymes, improve cell energy metabolism, increase energy utilization, anti-arrhythmia and anti-tissue peroxidation. FDP is widely used in clinical medicine. CheKine™ Micro Fructose-1,6 Diphosphate (FDP) Content Assay Kit can be used to detect biological samples such as animal tissue, bacteria or cells, serum or plasma. In the kit, aldolase catalyzes the cleavage of fructose 1,6-diphosphate. The product reacts with 2,4- dinitrophenylhydrazine in acid medium to form 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazone, which is dark red in alkaline solution and has a characteristic absorption peak at 540 nm.