ELISA

Chemokine(C-X3-C motif) ligand 1(CX3CL1) is a large cytokine protein of 373 amino acids, it contains multiple domains and is the only known member of the CX3C chemokine family. It is also commonly known under the names fractalkine(in humans) and neurotactin(in mice). CX3CL1 is produced as a long protein(with 373-amino acid in humans) with an extended mucin-like stalk and a chemokine domain on top. The mucin-like stalk permits it to bind to the surface of certain cells. However a soluble(90 kD) version of this chemokine has also been observed. Soluble CX3CL1 potently chemoattracts T cells and monocytes, while the cell-bound chemokine promotes strong adhesion of leukocytes to activated endothelial cells, where it is primarily expressed. CX3CL1 elicits its adhesive and migratory functions by interacting with the chemokine receptor CX3CR1. Its gene is located on human chromosome 16 along with some CC chemokines known as CCL17 and CCL22. It can act as a mediator of smooth muscle cell migrat

Chemokine(C-X3-C motif) ligand 1(CX3CL1) is a large cytokine protein of 373 amino acids, it contains multiple domains and is the only known member of the CX3C chemokine family. It is also commonly known under the names fractalkine(in humans) and neurotactin(in mice). CX3CL1 is produced as a long protein(with 373-amino acid in humans) with an extended mucin-like stalk and a chemokine domain on top. The mucin-like stalk permits it to bind to the surface of certain cells. However a soluble(90 kD) version of this chemokine has also been observed. Soluble CX3CL1 potently chemoattracts T cells and monocytes, while the cell-bound chemokine promotes strong adhesion of leukocytes to activated endothelial cells, where it is primarily expressed. CX3CL1 elicits its adhesive and migratory functions by interacting with the chemokine receptor CX3CR1. Its gene is located on human chromosome 16 along with some CC chemokines known as CCL17 and CCL22. It can act as a mediator of smooth muscle cell migrat

Chemokine(C-X3-C motif) ligand 1(CX3CL1) is a large cytokine protein of 373 amino acids, it contains multiple domains and is the only known member of the CX3C chemokine family. It is also commonly known under the names fractalkine(in humans) and neurotactin(in mice). CX3CL1 is produced as a long protein(with 373-amino acid in humans) with an extended mucin-like stalk and a chemokine domain on top. The mucin-like stalk permits it to bind to the surface of certain cells. However a soluble(90 kD) version of this chemokine has also been observed. Soluble CX3CL1 potently chemoattracts T cells and monocytes, while the cell-bound chemokine promotes strong adhesion of leukocytes to activated endothelial cells, where it is primarily expressed. CX3CL1 elicits its adhesive and migratory functions by interacting with the chemokine receptor CX3CR1. Its gene is located on human chromosome 16 along with some CC chemokines known as CCL17 and CCL22. It can act as a mediator of smooth muscle cell migrat

Chemokine(C-X-C motif) ligand 6(CXCL6) is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that is also known as granulocyte chemotactic protein 2(GCP-2). As its former name suggests, CXCL6 is a chemoattractant for neutrophilic granulocytes. It elicits its chemotactic effects by interacting with the chemokine receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2. The gene for CXCL6 is located on human chromosome 4 in a cluster with other CXC chemokine genes.

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF) is a member of the CSF family of hormone-like glycoprotein that regulates hematopoietic cell proliferation and differentiation, and it almost exclusively stimulates the colony formation of granulocytes from committed precursor cells in semi-solid agar culture. G-CSF is also termed colony stimulating factor-3, and a single gene of which codes for a 177 or 180 amino acid mature protein of molecular weight 19,600. Functionally, it specifically stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of the progenitor cells for granulocytes. The effect of G-CSF on myeloid leukemias is unique among colony stimulating factors in driving the leukemic cells from a self-renewing malignant state to a mature differentiated phenotype with the concomitant loss of tumorigenicity. Besides, it also prevents cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction by activating the Jak-Stat pathway in cardiomyocytes. The recombinant form of hG-CSF is capable of supporting neu

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF) is a member of the CSF family of hormone-like glycoprotein that regulates hematopoietic cell proliferation and differentiation, and it almost exclusively stimulates the colony formation of granulocytes from committed precursor cells in semi-solid agar culture. G-CSF is also termed colony stimulating factor-3, and a single gene of which codes for a 177 or 180 amino acid mature protein of molecular weight 19,600. Functionally, it specifically stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of the progenitor cells for granulocytes. The effect of G-CSF on myeloid leukemias is unique among colony stimulating factors in driving the leukemic cells from a self-renewing malignant state to a mature differentiated phenotype with the concomitant loss of tumorigenicity. Besides, it also prevents cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction by activating the Jak-Stat pathway in cardiomyocytes. The recombinant form of hG-CSF is capable of supporting neu

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF) is a glycosylated, disulfide-bonded homodimer that is a distantly related member of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily. GDNF, is a potent neurotrophic factor that promotes the survival of dopaminergic neurones in cultures including embryonic neuronal cultures. GDNF, in addition to its potential role in the differentiation and survival of central nervous system neurons, has profound effects on kidney organogenesis and the development of the peripheral nervous system. GDNF may have utility in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, which is marked by progressive degeneration of midbrain dopaminergic neurons. GDNF lies on the short arm of human chromosome 5, at 5p13.1-p13.3 ability to promote dopamine uptake in midbrain cultures.

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF) is a glycosylated, disulfide-bonded homodimer that is a distantly related member of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily. GDNF, is a potent neurotrophic factor that promotes the survival of dopaminergic neurones in cultures including embryonic neuronal cultures. GDNF, in addition to its potential role in the differentiation and survival of central nervous system neurons, has profound effects on kidney organogenesis and the development of the peripheral nervous system.3 GDNF may have utility in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, which is marked by progressive degeneration of midbrain dopaminergic neurons. GDNF lies on the short arm of human chromosome 5, at 5p13.1-p13.3 ability to promote dopamine uptake in midbrain cultures. The standard product used in this kit is recombinant rat GDNF, which is a dimmer composed of two chains with 134 amino acids.

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor(GM-CSF) is also symbolized CSF2. Human GM-CSF is a glycoprotein that is essential for the in vitro proliferation and differentiation of precursor cells into mature granulocytes and macrophages. The human cDNA clones contain a single open-reading frame encoding a protein of 144 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 16,293 daltons and show 69% nucleotide homology and 54% amino acid homology to mouse GM-CSF. The gene for human GM-CSF appears to exist as a single-copy gene. Human GM-CSF is a 22,000-dalton glycoprotein that stimulates the growth of myeloid progenitor cells and acts directly on mature neutrophils. The GM-CSF gene is localized by somatic cell hybrid analysis and in situ hybridization to human chromosome region 5q21-5q32, which is involved in interstitial deletions in the 5q- syndrome and acute myelogenous leukemia. A complementary DNA for the T lymphocyte-derived lymphokine, GM-CSF has been cloned, and recombinant GM-C