Results for Other Proteins ( 64520 )
STING (stimulator of interferon genes), also known as TMEM173 (transmembrane protein 173), is a crucial protein in innate immunity. It is a membrane protein involved in the response to foreign DNA in hematopoietic lineage cells, such as NK and T cells, myeloid cells, and monocytes. It is also found in the retina, heart, and other tissues. STING gets activated by DNA sensors and triggers IFN (type I interferon) production, by stimulating TBK1, which then phosphorylates STAT6 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 6) or IRF3 (interferon regulatory factor 3). These in turn activate the expression of genes linked to immune responses. It can also function as a DNA sensor, by binding directly to the cyclic di-GMP. More recently STING€™s role in controlling ROS (reactive oxygen species) formation and that loss of STING reduces DNA damage have been identified. The development the STING agonist that be beneficial in combinatory cancer therapy.
Diablo (direct IAP binding protein with low pI), also named SMAC (second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases), is a ubiquitously expressed mitochondrial protein involved in apoptosis. Under normal conditions this protein is found in the intermembrane space of the mitochondria. However, when a cell undergoes apoptosis, the mitochondrial membrane becomes porous and Diablo moves the cytosol. Once in the cytosol it can bind and inhibit IAPs (inhibitor of apoptosis protein) proteins, allowing caspase activation. This protein has been linked to cancer, and overexpression of Diablo may sensitize cancer cells to apoptosis. The use of Diablo mimetics, alone or in combination with other therapeutical approaches, is a promising cancer therapy.